The tundish is the last container in the continuous casting system where the molten steel contacts the refractory material before it is formed. It is an important part of the continuous casting process and has a great impact on the quality of steel. With the advancement of smelting technology and the emergence of ladle secondary

In modern iron and steel metallurgical production, the ladle plays a vital role as a key equipment connecting the steelmaking furnace and the continuous casting machine. It is not only used to store and transport high-temperature molten metal, but also an important place for molten steel refining, composition adjustment and temperature control. However, the working

In steel continuous casting, tundish nozzle can control the flow of steel injected into the crystallizer from the tndish as well as the melt flow behavior in the crystallizer. When used in conjunction with protective slag, sub entry nozzle can avoid secondary oxidation of the liquid steel, which has a significant effect on improving labor

Out-of-furnace refining has become an important part of the modern steelmaking process, and argon blowing at the bottom of the ladle is an important part of out-of-furnace refining. The ladle purging plug are the key components to complete this process, and steelmaking manufacturers pay special attention to it. A good breathable brick should have the

Heating furnaces and reverberatory furnaces are high-temperature equipment, and the lining masonry cannot be separated from refractory materials. Reverberatory furnaces are traditional equipment for heating materials in the furnace or completing smelting processes such as oxidation and reduction. Large continuous heating furnaces are high-temperature furnaces used to heat steel billets. There are many varieties, but

The tundish is named because it is located between the ladle and the continuous casting machine during operation. It is also called the middle ladle or the intermediate tank. There are many types of tundishes, and the common shapes are rectangular and T-shaped. The construction of the tundish is also varied. The permanent layer can

Heavy refractory bricks are high-temperature and wear-resistant refractory materials with high operating temperatures. They are mostly used as working layers or permanent layers of industrial kilns to prevent high-temperature solutions from damaging the kiln body and protect the insulation layer materials. Lightweight refractory bricks are heat-insulating bricks with low operating temperatures. They are mostly used

Refractory materials are the foundation of all high-temperature industries, with a wide variety of applications. This article summarizes the application of refractory materials in four major downstream industries: steel industry, cement industry, non-ferrous metal smelting industry and glass industry, including the selection of different types of refractory materials for high-temperature equipment such as blast furnaces,

The induction furnace is the main equipment in the casting and heat treatment workshop. The stability, reliability and safety of its operation are the guarantee for the normal and stable operation of the casting and heat treatment production line in the flow operation. The induction furnace has good development prospects in the field of thermal

Neutral ramming mass is a high alumina mix predominant aggregate, component of alumina imparts a strong skeleton aggregate structure. Neutral ramming mass is able to resist penetration & protrusion of cracks & pores into the refraction lining, thus providing safety from penetration of molten steel towards the heat sensitive crucible & neutral lining for induction

Lightweight castables are mainly used in the safety lining of various melting furnaces or the lining of atmosphere furnaces in metallurgical and petrochemical industries. Traditional lightweight castables have the problems of high-temperature shrinkage, low strength, insufficient heat-insulating properties, and low service temperature, which limit their use and make them even more difficult to meet the

As the demand for molten steel refining deepens, the residence time of molten steel in the ladle is extended, making the working conditions of the refractory materials of the ladle lining more demanding; in addition, the expansion of steel production scale and the increase in steel output have also further accelerated the turnover rate of

In view of the technical problems existing in the lining refractory materials of the ladle, the management status of smelting production and operation, and the actual needs of Baosteel’s steelmaking production line for multi-grade smelting production, it is very necessary to develop a new generation of lining refractory materials that can meet the requirements of

Refractory materials are generally divided into two types, unshaped refractories and shaped refractories. The most widely used refractory bricks are as follows:

The induction furnace is the main equipment in the casting and heat treatment workshop. The stability, reliability and safety of its operation are the guarantee for the normal and stable operation of the casting and heat treatment production line in the flow operation. The induction furnace has good development prospects in the field of thermal